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Central Pacific — Hawaii

Hurricane Preparedness in Hawaii

Hawaii faces hurricane threats from both the Central and Eastern Pacific. With limited evacuation options and remote geography, preparing before the season is not optional.

⚠ Hawaii's Unique Risk

Hawaii's island geography means there is no evacuating the state once a storm is close. Storm surge, flooding, and high surf can isolate communities for days. Prepare fully before the season — not after a storm is named. The Central Pacific hurricane season runs June 1 – November 30.

Major Hurricanes Affecting Hawaii

While direct hurricane landfalls on Hawaii are rare, significant storms have struck or come dangerously close:

Hurricane Iniki — 1992

Category 4 direct hit on Kauai on September 11, 1992. The most powerful hurricane in Hawaii's recorded history. Sustained winds of 145 mph. Caused $3 billion in damage, killed 6, and left tens of thousands homeless. The island took years to fully recover.

Hurricane Lane — 2018

Approached Oahu as a Category 4 before weakening. Even as a tropical storm, Lane dropped record rainfall — up to 52 inches on the Big Island. Caused catastrophic flooding in Hilo and East Hawaii. A near-miss for Honolulu.

Hurricane Iselle — 2014

Made landfall on the Big Island's Puna district as a tropical storm, the first storm to directly strike a populated Hawaiian island since Iniki. Downed trees, destroyed homes, cut power to thousands.

Hurricane Dot — 1959

A Category 1 that struck Kauai — the last hurricane to make landfall in Hawaii before Iniki. Reminder that the gap between major storms is not a guarantee of safety.

The lesson from each of these storms: when a storm threatens Hawaii, you cannot leave the state. Preparation must happen before the season begins.

Hurricane Risk by Island

Kauai — Highest Risk

Northernmost main island, no geographic protection from westward-tracking storms. Iniki (1992) proved a Category 4 landfall is possible. Limited evacuation routes within the island itself.

Big Island (Hawaii) — High Risk

Largest island and geographically exposed to Eastern Pacific storms. The Big Island's landmass can disrupt storm tracks, but flooding from rainfall (Lane, Iselle) is a severe independent risk regardless of wind strength.

Maui County — Moderate–High

Includes Maui, Molokai, Lanai, and Kahoolawe. Partially sheltered by the Big Island from the southeast, but exposed to storms approaching from the south and west. Flash flooding risk is significant across all islands.

Oahu — Moderate

Home to Honolulu and 1 million residents. Partially protected by Maui County, but a direct storm from the south or southwest is possible. Hurricane Lane (2018) demonstrated that even a weakening storm can cause catastrophic rain-flooding on Oahu.

Molokai & Lanai

Smaller islands with limited infrastructure and medical resources. Hurricane prep is critical because emergency response takes longer to reach these communities. Stock 7+ days of supplies.

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Primarily uninhabited atolls and marine refuges. Midway Atoll is under U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service management. Tropical cyclones in this region are tracked by CPHC but do not threaten populated communities.

Current Central Pacific Outlook

Central Pacific — 2-Day Outlook
NHC Central North Pacific 2-Day Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook
Central Pacific — 7-Day Outlook
NHC Central North Pacific 7-Day Graphical Tropical Weather Outlook

Images from NOAA NHC. Not affiliated with NHC or CPHC.

Hawaii Emergency & Weather Links

Preparing for a Hurricane in Hawaii

🛒 Stock 7+ Days of Supplies

Shipping disruptions after a major hurricane can last days to weeks. FEMA's standard 3-day recommendation is insufficient for an island state. Plan for at least 7–14 days of water, food, and medication.

🚗 No Off-Island Evacuation

Once a hurricane watch is issued, flights will fill and airports may close. You cannot evacuate the state. Know your county's designated shelters and your evacuation zone before the season starts.

💧 Flash Flooding Risk

Hawaii's steep terrain turns moderate rainfall into flash floods. Streams can rise 10+ feet within minutes. Even if a hurricane weakens offshore, catastrophic flooding from rainfall is a major independent risk — as Lane (2018) demonstrated.

🌊 High Surf & Surge

Approaching hurricanes generate dangerous swells days before the storm arrives. Stay out of the ocean when any tropical cyclone is within 500 miles. Surge risk on low-lying coastal and leeward areas is significant.

🔋 Extended Power Outages

Downed power lines on island topography can take weeks to restore in remote areas. A portable power station is strongly recommended. Never use a generator indoors — same rules apply as any hurricane.

📻 Local Emergency Broadcasts

Hawaii's Emergency Alert System and NOAA Weather Radio are your primary information sources once storm conditions develop. Know your local AM station that carries EAS alerts. Cell service may fail.

Hawaii Hurricane FAQ

Yes. Hurricane Iniki struck Kauai as a Category 4 on September 11, 1992 — the most powerful hurricane in Hawaii's recorded history. Hurricane Iselle (2014) made landfall on the Big Island, and Hurricane Lane (2018) came within miles of Honolulu before weakening. Direct hits are rare but very much possible.
Kauai and the Big Island have historically been most exposed. Kauai sits unprotected in the path of westward-tracking Central Pacific storms. The Big Island's southeastern coast faces Eastern Pacific threats. Oahu, while partially shielded, faces severe flooding risk from slow-moving storms even when they don't make landfall nearby.
NOAA's Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) in Honolulu issues tropical cyclone advisories for the Central Pacific region. NWS Honolulu issues local watches, warnings, and weather statements. HI-EMA (Hawaii Emergency Management Agency) coordinates state emergency response and shelter activations.
Typically 48–72 hours from watch issuance to potential landfall — though Pacific storms can change track rapidly. Because you cannot leave the state once a storm is close, supplies must be ready before the season, not when a warning is issued.
NOAA's Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) is based in Honolulu and tracks tropical cyclones between 140°W and 180° longitude. This region covers the Central Pacific basin, including the Hawaiian Islands. CPHC works alongside the NHC in Miami when storms cross the 140°W boundary between basins.
Disclaimer: This page provides general preparedness information for Hawaii. Always follow orders from Hawaii Emergency Management Agency (HI-EMA) and county emergency management officials. Evacuation zone information is managed at the county level — verify with your county EM office. In an emergency, call 911. Not affiliated with NOAA, NHC, CPHC, HI-EMA, or any government agency.